Numerous studies have associated anhedonia as a risk factor for suicidality; however, there is considerable heterogeneity in the results. This heterogeneity may be due to differences in assessment tools and study populations. A recent meta-analysis quantitatively evaluated the relationship between anhedonia and suicidality across various clinical and general populations and domains of anhedonia (general, physical, social, anticipatory). Eligible studies included individuals reporting some degree of suicidality and assessed anhedonia using validated measures. Twenty studies (N=11,212) were included in analyses that showed a moderate and statistically significant relationship between anhedonia and suicidality across the included studies (r=0.31, p<0.001). Anticipatory anhedonia, specifically in the adolescent population, had the strongest effect size (r=0.40, p<0.001). Possible publication bias was noted, but the certainty of the evidence was rated as moderate. Overall, this meta-analysis provides evidence supporting the association between anhedonia and suicidality. The findings emphasize the importance of considering anhedonia as a risk factor for suicide across different populations and domains of anhedonia. Understanding this relationship can contribute to the development of comprehensive risk assessments and interventions to prevent suicide.

Reference:

Gillissie ES et al. J Psychiatr Res 2023;158:209-15. Abstract.